਀㰀栀攀愀搀㸀 ਀㰀洀攀琀愀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀∀䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ吀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀椀猀漀ⴀ㠀㠀㔀㤀ⴀ㄀∀㸀 ਀㰀洀攀琀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀∀䐀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀䴀愀猀挀愀爀攀渀攀 䌀漀漀琀 䘀甀氀椀挀愀 渀攀眀琀漀渀椀 椀猀 欀渀漀眀渀 昀爀漀洀 渀甀洀攀爀漀甀猀 琀爀愀瘀攀氀攀爀猀✀ 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 愀渀搀 戀漀渀攀猀∀㸀 ਀㰀洀攀琀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀∀刀攀猀漀甀爀挀攀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀∀㸀 ਀㰀洀攀琀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀∀䌀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀戀椀爀搀猀⸀洀甀∀㸀 ਀㰀琀椀琀氀攀㸀䴀愀猀挀愀爀攀渀攀 䌀漀漀琀 ⴀ 倀漀甀氀攀 搀✀攀愀甀 ⴀ 䘀甀氀椀挀愀 渀攀眀琀漀渀椀㰀⼀琀椀琀氀攀㸀 ਀㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀∀猀琀礀氀攀猀栀攀攀琀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀攀渀⸀挀猀猀∀㸀 ਀㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀∀猀栀漀爀琀挀甀琀 椀挀漀渀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀昀愀瘀椀挀漀渀⸀椀挀漀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀椀洀愀最攀⼀砀ⴀ椀挀漀渀∀㸀 ਀ ਀㰀⼀栀攀愀搀㸀 ਀㰀挀攀渀琀攀爀㸀 ਀  㰀琀爀㸀  ਀    㰀琀搀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀㐀㈀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 猀爀挀㴀∀⼀䤀洀愀最攀猀⼀瀀椀砀攀氀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㘀㐀㄀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀  㰀琀爀㸀  ਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㘀㄀∀㸀 
਀      㰀琀愀戀氀攀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀㄀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㜀㘀㜀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀㌀㌀㘀㘀㤀㤀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㠀㠀∀㸀
਀              㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀㔀㐀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㜀㄀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀㌀㌀㘀㘀㤀㤀∀㸀 
਀                    㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                    㰀⼀琀爀㸀
ENCYCLOPÆDIA ਀                        㰀戀爀㸀 Mauritiana
਀                㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀            㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀㸀 㰀昀漀渀琀 昀愀挀攀㴀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀Ⰰ 吀椀洀攀猀Ⰰ 猀攀爀椀昀∀ 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㔀∀ 挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀眀栀椀琀攀∀㸀䘀甀氀椀挀愀  Newtoni - Mascarene Coot - Poule d'eau਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀    㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀  㰀琀爀㸀 㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䰀攀昀琀 洀攀渀甀 挀漀氀甀洀渀 ⴀⴀ㸀  ਀      㰀琀愀戀氀攀 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀　 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㈀㈀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀㸀  Main ਀            䤀渀搀攀砀㰀⼀愀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  ਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㔀∀ 㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㈀　 猀爀挀㴀∀⼀䤀洀愀最攀猀⼀瀀椀砀攀氀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 Chapters਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㔀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀㸀  ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀  挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䜀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀礀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䜀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀礀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Fauna ਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀琀漀瀀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㔀∀ 㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 Mammals
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䈀椀爀搀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Reptiles
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䘀爀攀猀栀开圀愀琀攀爀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䘀爀攀猀栀 圀愀琀攀爀㰀戀爀㸀 Fauna ਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀  挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀ 㸀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀䠀椀猀琀漀爀礀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䠀椀猀琀漀爀礀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Language
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀匀漀挀椀攀琀礀⼀䴀甀猀椀挀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䴀甀猀椀挀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Stamps ਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀      㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀

 

਀      㰀琀愀戀氀攀 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀　 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㈀㈀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  .਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㄀㘀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀∀ 㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㄀㘀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 .਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㔀∀ 㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㈀　 猀爀挀㴀∀⼀䤀洀愀最攀猀⼀瀀椀砀攀氀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 Birds਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㔀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀㸀  ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀  挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Endemic
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䤀渀搀椀最攀渀漀甀猀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䤀渀搀椀最攀渀漀甀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Oceanic
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀漀琀椀挀⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䔀砀漀琀椀挀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Orders
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀匀椀琀攀猀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀匀椀琀攀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Bibliography
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䰀椀渀欀猀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䰀椀渀欀猀㰀⼀愀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀⼀琀戀漀搀礀㸀  ਀      㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀瀀㸀 ਀        㰀琀戀漀搀礀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀  ਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㈀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀ 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀吀爀愀昀椀氀攀琀琀漀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀　∀㸀匀椀琀攀猀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀㸀  ਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀          㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀  挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀欀爀攀漀氀⸀洀甀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䌀爀攀漀氀攀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Sega
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀猀琀愀洀瀀猀洀愀甀爀椀琀椀甀猀⸀挀漀洀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀匀琀愀洀瀀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Birds
਀            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀氀瀀愀爀攀昀氀攀砀⸀挀漀洀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䄀氀瀀愀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Orchids਀        㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀      㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀 ਀    㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀㐀㈀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀㸀 
.
਀        㰀琀爀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀  ਀                㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㌀㌀　㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                  眀椀搀琀栀㴀㌀㌀　 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㜀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                  眀椀搀琀栀㴀㜀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀爀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀㌀㌀㘀㘀㤀㤀∀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㐀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㌀㔀∀㸀 㰀昀漀渀琀 昀愀挀攀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀Ⰰ 䠀攀氀瘀攀琀椀挀愀Ⰰ 猀愀渀猀ⴀ猀攀爀椀昀∀ 挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀眀栀椀琀攀∀ 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㐀∀㸀㰀戀㸀䐀愀琀愀  Sheet਀                㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                  㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀㈀㸀 
਀              㰀琀愀戀氀攀 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀　 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㌀㔀　 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀
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਀                      㰀琀爀 㸀  ਀                      㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  ਀                      㰀琀爀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀㘀∀㸀 

Fulica newtoni

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀㜀∀㸀 

Mascarene Coot

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀㤀∀㸀 

 

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀㸀 

Poule d'eau

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㈀∀㸀 

 

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀㸀 

 

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀㘀∀㸀 

Terrestrial; Freshwater

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀㸀 

Mauritius, Reunion, Mascarene Islands

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㈀∀㸀 

Extinct Reunion (1672)

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀　─∀㸀 

Milne-Edwards, 1867

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                      㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                    㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀
 
਀                          䐀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀匀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䰀漀挀愀氀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䘀爀攀渀挀栀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䰀漀挀愀氀 䘀爀攀渀挀栀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䌀爀攀漀氀攀 一愀洀攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䠀愀戀椀琀愀琀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䜀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀椀挀 刀愀渀最攀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀匀琀愀琀甀猀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀䘀椀爀猀琀 䐀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀瀀㸀
 
਀                      㰀琀戀漀搀礀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀  ਀                        㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㈀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀ 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀吀爀愀昀椀氀攀琀琀漀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀　∀㸀  Classification਀                      㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                        㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㘀㈀∀㸀 

Kingdom
਀                            倀栀礀氀甀洀㰀戀爀㸀 Sub phylum
਀                            䌀氀愀猀猀㰀戀爀㸀 Sub class
਀                            匀甀瀀攀爀 漀爀搀攀爀㰀戀爀㸀 Order
਀                            䘀愀洀椀氀礀㰀戀爀㸀 Sub-Family
਀                            䜀攀渀甀猀㰀戀爀㸀 Species

਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                    㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀

 

਀                  㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㌀㌀　∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀 

Mascarene Coot Fulica newtoni is known from numerous travelers' ਀                      爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 愀渀搀 戀漀渀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 刀甀渀椀漀渀 ⠀琀漀 䘀爀愀渀挀攀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀氀猀漀 瀀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀  occurred on Mauritius from where there were reports of poule ਀                      搀✀攀愀甀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 挀漀渀琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀 渀愀洀攀 甀猀攀搀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 戀椀爀搀猀 漀渀 刀甀渀椀漀渀⸀ 

਀                    㰀瀀㸀䈀椀爀搀猀 眀攀爀攀 氀愀猀琀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀攀搀 漀渀 刀甀渀椀漀渀 ⠀戀礀 䐀甀戀漀椀猀⤀ 椀渀 ㄀㘀㜀㈀Ⰰ  and on Mauritius (by Leguat) in 1693, and were presumably ਀                      栀甀渀琀攀搀 琀漀 攀砀琀椀渀挀琀椀漀渀 搀攀猀瀀椀琀攀 琀栀攀 昀愀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 眀攀爀攀 ᰀ渠漀琀  good to eat”.

਀                  㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                  㰀琀搀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀琀漀瀀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㈀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                        㰀琀搀㸀 
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਀                        㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                      㰀⼀琀爀㸀
਀                          㰀瀀㸀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀搀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀⸀甀洀洀稀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀椀愀⸀栀琀洀氀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䄀渀椀洀愀氀椀愀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Chordata
਀                            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀搀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀⸀甀洀洀稀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀瘀攀爀琀攀戀爀愀琀愀⸀栀琀洀氀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀嘀攀爀琀攀戀爀愀琀愀㰀⼀愀㸀 
਀                            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀搀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀⸀甀洀洀稀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀挀栀漀爀搀愀琀愀⼀愀瘀攀猀⸀栀琀洀氀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䄀瘀攀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Neornithes
਀                            㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀㈀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀搀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀⸀甀洀洀稀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀挀栀漀爀搀愀琀愀⼀愀瘀攀猀⸀栀琀洀氀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀一攀漀最渀愀琀栀愀攀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 
਀                            㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀渀椀洀愀氀搀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀⸀甀洀洀稀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀挀栀漀爀搀愀琀愀⼀愀瘀攀猀⼀挀漀氀甀洀戀椀昀漀爀洀攀猀⸀栀琀洀氀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䜀爀甀椀昀漀爀洀攀猀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Rallidae
਀                            㰀戀爀㸀
਀                            䘀甀氀椀挀愀 渀攀眀琀漀渀椀㰀⼀瀀㸀
਀                    㰀琀愀戀氀攀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀　∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀　　─∀㸀
਀                          㰀搀椀瘀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀爀椀最栀琀∀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀吀漀瀀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀⼀䤀洀愀最攀猀⼀爀攀搀ⴀ愀爀爀漀眀爀甀瀀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㠀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㠀∀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀　∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀漀瀀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀搀椀瘀㸀
਀                  㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀              㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀 ਀            㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㠀㈀∀ 㸀  ਀                㰀琀戀漀搀礀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀㠀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀爀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀ 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀吀爀愀昀椀氀攀琀琀漀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀　∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀  Birds਀                㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                  㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀㌀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㔀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀爀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀  ਀                  㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㜀㘀㸀 

Index
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀䐀漀搀漀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䐀漀搀漀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Blue ਀                      倀椀最攀漀渀㰀⼀愀㸀 㰀戀爀㸀 Broad-billed ਀                      倀愀爀爀漀琀㰀⼀愀㸀 㰀戀爀㸀 Grey Parrot
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀䴀愀猀挀愀爀攀渀攀䌀漀漀琀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䴀愀猀挀愀爀攀渀攀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䌀漀漀琀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Mauritian Duck
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀䴀愀甀爀椀琀椀甀猀伀眀氀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䴀愀甀爀椀琀椀甀猀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀伀眀氀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Mascarene Swan
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀一椀最栀琀䠀攀爀漀渀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䴀愀甀爀椀琀椀甀猀  Night Heron
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀刀攀搀䠀攀渀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀刀攀搀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀刀愀椀氀㰀⼀愀㸀 
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀䈀漀甀爀戀漀渀䌀爀攀猀琀攀搀匀琀愀爀氀椀渀最⸀栀琀洀∀㸀䈀漀甀爀戀漀渀  Crested Starling
਀                    㰀⼀瀀㸀

Rodrigues Solitaire
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀一椀最栀琀䠀攀爀漀渀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀  Night Heron
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀䰀椀琀琀氀攀伀眀氀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀  Little Owl
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀伀眀氀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀伀眀氀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Newton's ਀                      倀愀爀愀欀攀攀琀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Rodrigues Parrot ਀                      㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Rodrigues Pigeon
਀                      㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⼀一愀琀甀爀攀⼀䘀愀甀渀愀⼀䈀椀爀搀猀⼀䔀砀琀椀渀挀琀⼀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀刀愀椀氀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀刀漀搀爀椀最甀攀猀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀刀愀椀氀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀 Rodrigues Starling

਀                  㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀⼀琀戀漀搀礀㸀 
.
.
਀              㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀瀀㸀 ਀              㰀琀戀漀搀礀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀  ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  ਀                㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀ 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀吀爀愀昀椀氀攀琀琀漀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀　∀㸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀琀爀㸀  ਀              㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀  㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀⼀琀戀漀搀礀㸀 
.
.
਀                  㰀瀀㸀䈀椀爀搀䰀椀昀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ㈀　　㌀ 䈀椀爀搀䰀椀昀攀✀猀 漀渀氀椀渀攀 圀漀爀氀搀 䈀椀爀搀  Database: the site for bird conservation. Version 2.0. Cambridge, ਀                    唀䬀㨀 䈀椀爀搀䰀椀昀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀⸀ 䄀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀戀椀爀搀氀椀昀攀⸀漀爀最  (accessed 1/9/2003)਀                  㰀⼀琀搀㸀
਀            㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀瀀㸀 ਀              㰀琀戀漀搀礀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀䈀氀愀挀欀∀㸀  ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㔀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀ 愀氀琀㴀⸀  src="/Images/pixel.gif" ਀                   眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀琀爀 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀䌀䌀　　㌀㌀∀㸀  ਀                㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀洀椀搀搀氀攀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀ 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀吀爀愀昀椀氀攀琀琀漀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀　∀㸀䰀椀渀欀猀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀琀爀㸀  ਀              㰀⼀琀爀㸀 ਀                㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀 㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀              㰀⼀琀戀漀搀礀㸀 
.
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਀                  㰀瀀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀爀攀搀氀椀猀琀⸀漀爀最⼀猀攀愀爀挀栀⼀搀攀琀愀椀氀猀⸀瀀栀瀀㼀猀瀀攀挀椀攀猀㴀㠀㘀㤀㜀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䤀唀䌀一  Red List
਀                    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀戀椀爀搀氀椀昀攀⸀渀攀琀⼀搀愀琀愀稀漀渀攀⼀猀攀愀爀挀栀⼀猀瀀攀挀椀攀猀开猀攀愀爀挀栀⸀栀琀洀氀㼀愀挀琀椀漀渀㴀匀瀀挀䠀吀䴀䐀攀琀愀椀氀猀⸀愀猀瀀☀愀洀瀀㬀猀椀搀㴀㌀　　㜀㄀☀愀洀瀀㬀洀㴀　∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䈀椀爀搀氀椀昀攀  International਀                㰀⼀琀搀㸀
਀            㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀瀀㸀

 

਀            㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀 㰀⼀瀀㸀

 

਀          㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀        㰀琀爀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀戀漀琀琀漀洀∀㸀  ਀  㰀昀漀渀琀 昀愀挀攀㴀∀䄀爀椀愀氀Ⰰ 䠀攀氀瘀攀琀椀挀愀Ⰰ 猀愀渀猀ⴀ猀攀爀椀昀∀ 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㄀∀㸀䌀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 ꤀㈀　　㈀ⴀ㈀　　㔀 䔀渀挀礀挀氀漀瀀愀攀搀椀愀 䴀愀甀爀椀琀椀愀渀愀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀
਀  㰀搀椀瘀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䰀椀渀欀䜀爀攀礀∀㸀  Encyclopedia ਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀欀爀攀漀氀⸀洀甀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䌀爀攀漀氀攀㰀⼀愀㸀 Sega ਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀戀椀爀搀猀⸀洀甀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䈀椀爀搀猀㰀⼀愀㸀 Maps਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀漀爀挀栀椀搀猀⸀洀甀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀伀爀挀栀椀搀猀㰀⼀愀㸀  Leica ਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀氀瀀愀爀攀昀氀攀砀⸀挀漀洀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䄀氀瀀愀㰀⼀愀㸀  Kilfitt਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀挀愀搀攀氀攀挀⸀挀漀洀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀䌀愀搀攀氀攀挀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀戀爀㸀  ਀    㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀渀最礀愀渀琀甀渀⸀挀漀洀∀ 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀㸀ꀀ㰀⼀愀㸀 ਀ ਀          㰀⼀琀搀㸀 ਀      㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀 ਀㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀 ਀㰀⼀戀漀搀礀㸀 ਀਀